Retroillumination detects:

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Retroillumination is a diagnostic technique commonly used in ophthalmology to visualize structures in the eye by utilizing reflected light. When light is shone through the pupil from a light source, it illuminates the lens from behind, allowing clinicians to observe any opacities, defects, or irregularities in the lens itself.

By analyzing how the light is transmitted and reflected, healthcare professionals can identify cataracts, lens dislocations, or other abnormalities that may not be as easily visible through direct observation. This technique is particularly valuable for detecting changes in the lens clarity, which is crucial for assessing conditions that could impair vision.

While the other options relate to different aspects of ocular examination, none focus specifically on the lens in the same way that retroillumination does. Thus, this method's primary utility in detecting lens opacities or defects makes it an essential tool in the evaluation of ocular health.

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